577nm subthreshold micropulse laser combined with Conbercept for the treatment of diabetic macular edema after vitrectomy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the clinical effect of 577nm subthreshold micropulse laser(SML)photocoagulation combined with intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of diabetic macular edema(DME)after vitrectomy in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on 29 cases(30 eyes)of PDR patients who had DME after vitrectomy in our hospital from January 2019 to June 2021. They were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods: 14 cases(14 eyes)in the single injection group received intravitreal injection of Conbercept, and 15 cases(16 eyes)in the combined treatment group received 577nm SML photocoagulation in the macular area combined with intravitreal injection of Conbercept. The changes in best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and central macular thickness(CMT)before and at 6 and 12mo after treatment, as well as the changes of multifocal electroretinogram(mfERG)before and at 12mo after treatment were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The BCVA(LogMAR)of patients in both groups improved and CMT decreased after treatment for 6 and 12mo(all P<0.001). There were no significant differences in BCVA(LogMAR)and CMT before treatment and 6mo, 12mo after treatment between single injection group and combined treatment group(all P>0.05). Compared with the combined treatment group, the amplitude was slightly lower(23.02±3.13 vs. 26.50±3.33 μV/deg2)and the latency time was prolonged(38.75±1.62 vs. 34.21±3.06ms)in single injection group at 12mo(all P≤0.001). The average injection times in single injection group was 8.14±1.46, and 5.05±1.51 in combined treatment group at 12mo after treatment(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: 577nm SML photocoagulation combined with intravitreal injection of conbercept can effectively relieve macular edema, improve BCVA and visual function of macular area and reduce the injection times of conbercept for DME patients.

Development status and prospect of stroke lifecycle health management in digital health era / 中国实用护理杂志

Digital health technologies were emerging to help understand the health behaviors of stroke patients and improved patient adherence to stroke management strategies. This paper overviewed the application status of digital health technology in stroke life cycle management at home and abroad, and the next development direction. This article aimed to provide new ideas for the whole life cycle health management of stroke disease.

Efficacy of 25G pars plana vitrectomy with Conbercept intravitreal injection at the end of surgery for early proliferative diabetic retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of Conbercept combined with 25G minimally invasive pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)at the end of surgery for early proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)with vitreous hemorrhage.METHODS: A total of 60 patients(60 eyes)with PDR complicated with vitreous hemorrhage requiring PPV at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the injection timing of Conbercept, the patients were divided into 3 groups: 20 patients(20 eyes)injected at the end of the surgery(group A), 20 patients(20 eyes)injected preoperatively(group B), and 20 patients(20 eyes)without injection(group C). The differences in pre- and post-operative visual acuity, intraocular pressure, intraoperative conditions, prognosis, and complications were analyzed among the 3 groups.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the preoperative conditions and operation time among the patients. There was no iatrogenic retinal hole or silicone oil tamponade during the operation in the 3 groups, and no recurrent retinal detachment occurred after the operations. Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)at 1, 3 and 6mo of all groups were improved compared with those before the surgery(P<0.05), and the injection groups(group A and group B)had a significantly better postoperative improvement than the non-injection group(group C), and there were significant differences(P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative late vitreous hemorrhage(1mo after operation)in group A was significantly lower than those in groups B and C(P<0.05). The central retinal thickness of the operated eyes in the injection groups(groups A and B)was significantly lower than that in the non-injection group(group C)at 1, 3 and 6mo after operation(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Conbercept injection at the end of the surgery and preoperative injection are both safe and effective for early PDR and can significantly improve postoperative visual acuity. However, Conbercept injection at the end of surgery can reduce the risk of late vitreous hemorrhage recurrence, leading to better PPV outcomes and improving patients' retinal and visual function and quality of life.

The neuroprotective effects of Lutongkeli in traumatic brain injury rats by anti-apoptosis mechanism

Purpose: To explore the neuroprotective effects of Lutongkeli (LTKL) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and detect the related mechanism. Methods: TBI model was established with LTKL administration (2 and 4 g/kg/d, p.o.). Motor function of rats was examined by Rotarod test. Nissl staining was used to show neuron morphology. Furthermore, the disease-medicine common targets were obtained with the network pharmacology and analyzed with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Lastly, the predicted targets were validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: After LTKL administration, neural behavior was significantly improved, and the number of spared neurons in brain was largely increased. Moreover, 68 bioactive compounds were identified, corresponding to 148 LTKL targets; 2,855 genes were closely associated with TBI, of which 87 overlapped with the LTKL targets and were considered to be therapeutically relevant. Functional enrichment analysis suggested LTKL exerted its pharmacological effects in TBI by modulating multiple pathways including apoptosis, inflammation, etc. Lastly, we found LTKL administration could increase the mRNA level of Bcl-2 and decrease the expression of Bax and caspase-3. Conclusions: This study reported the neuroprotective effect of LTKL against TBI is accompanied with anti-apoptosis mechanism, which provides a scientific explanation for the clinical application of LTKL in the treatment of TBI.

Efficacy of subthreshold navigated laser photocoagulation and micropulse laser for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To comparatively analyze the efficacy of subthreshold laser photocoagulation with the NAVILAS&#x0026;#xAE; Laser system and subthreshold micropulse laser for patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy(cCSC).METHODS: A retrospective clinical study. A total of 36 patients(40 eyes)with cCSC were recruited from January 2020 to January 2021 diagnosed at the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. There were 19 patients(23 eyes)treated with subthreshold navigated laser photocoagulation(the Navilas group), and 17 patients(17 eyes)treated with subthreshold micropulse laser(SML)(the SML group). There was no significant difference in baseline data between the two groups(P&#x003E;0.05). The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA, LogMAR), central macular thickness(CMT), subretinal fluid(SRF)height, vessel densities of the superficial capillary plexus(SCP), the deep capillary plexus(DCP)and area of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)were collected at 2wk, 1, 3 and 6mo before and after treatment.RESULTS: The BCVA of the two groups were significantly higher than that before treatment at 3 and 6mo after surgery(P&#x003C;0.05),which was significantly reduced at 2wk after treatment in the Navilas group and was reduced at 1mo after treatment in the SML group(P&#x003C;0.05). In both groups, there was significant decrease compared with that before treatment at 3 and 6mo after treatment(P&#x003C;0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P&#x003E;0.05). The difference in SRF absorption between the two groups was statistically significant(P&#x003C;0.05), and the complete absorption rate of SRF in the Navilas group was higher than that in the SML group. SCP, DCP, the area of the FAZ were not significantly different from each time ofbaseline in the two groups(P &#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: Subthreshold laser photocoagulation with the NAVILAS&#x0026;#xAE; Laser system can rapidly improve the retinal morphology and shorten the course of cCSC to improve the recovery of visual function with its rapid effect, high cost-effectiveness, non-invasiveness and high repeatability, which can be a new clinical method for patients with cCSC.

Factors Related to Rehabilitation Outcome of Dysphagia for Patients with Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To analyze the factors related to rehabilitation outcome of dysphagia for patients with cricopharyngeal dysfunction. Methods:From October, 2017 to December, 2020, 16 inpatients with cricopharyngeal dysfunction in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital accepted swallowing training and balloon dilatation. They also finished Shaker exercise out of treatment rooms, and the compliance was recorded. They were assessed with Ichiro Fujishima's Ingestion-Swallowing Function Rating Scale, and divided into effective and ineffective groups according to the result of assessment. The factors such as ages, education levels, courses of disease, time of treatment, compliance, balloon dilation modes, balloon dilation times and maximum water capacity of the balloon were recorded. Results:The score of swallowing improved after treatment (Z = -3.550, P < 0.001). There were significant differences between groups in age (Z = 0.833, P = 0.031) and compliance (P = 0.003). Age negatively correlated with effect (r = -0.533, P = 0.033), and compliance positively correlated (r = 0.856, P < 0.001). Conclusion:Age and compliance to rehabilitation relate to the outcome of dysphagia for patients with cricopharyngeal dysfunction. It is more effective in patients with good compliance and younger age.

Observation of the curative effect of targeted navigation laser with continuous wave power under the threshold in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the safety and effectiveness of targeted navigation laser with continuous wave threshold power in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From November 2018 to June 2020, 28 eyes of 28 patients with CCSC diagnosed in the Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were included in the study. Among them, there were 17 males with 17 eyes and 11 females with 11 eyes; all of them had a monocular disease. The average age of the patients was 36.24±5.14 years, and the average course of the diseases was 4.7±1.3 months. All affected eyes underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fluorescein fundus angiography, fundus autofluorescence, frequency domain optical coherence tomography and angiography, multifocal electroretinogram (mf-ERG) and micro field inspection. BCVA was carried out using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted into the logarithmic minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity during statistics. A targeted navigation laser system was used for continuous wave power therapy under the threshold. Two weeks and 1, 3 months after treatment, the same equipment and methods as before treatment were used to perform related examinations to observe the BCVA, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), foveal retinal thickness (CMT), the mean light sensitivity (MS) in the 10° range of the macular center, and the amplitude density of P 1 wave at ring 1 and 2. The t test was used to compare CMT, SFCT, retinal amplitude density and MS before and after treatment. Results:Before treatment and 2 weeks, 1 and 3 months after treatment, the average logMAR BCVA of the eyes were 0.74±0.16, 0.57±0.16, 0.22±0.05, 0.21±0.06, and the average CMT was 512.33±31.56, 350.40±36.61, 256.49±22.38, 253.45±23.65 μm respectively, the average SFCT was 462.82±25.38, 462.37±39.54, 461.51±29.36, 461.25±34.55 μm, the average MS was 16.32±5.41, 17.53±4.23, 19.52±4.12, 21.35±2.77 dB respectively. At different times before and after treatment, BCVA ( t=6.52, 5.71, 6.01; P=0.00, 0.00, 0.00), CMT ( t=3.08, 6.57, 4.90; P=0.01, 0.00, 0.00), SFCT ( t=7.01, 6.54, 4.85; P=0.08, 0.07, 0.17), MS ( t=6.17, 4.25, 5.46; P=0.02, 0.00, 0.00), the difference was statistically significant. The amplitude density of P 1 wave at ring 1 in the affected eye was 64.37±18.25, 85.31±13.98, 98.35±14.52, 98.40±22.17 nV/deg 2, and the amplitude density of P 1 wave at ring2 was 36.12±18.32, 44.02±17.15, 62.35±14.85, 63.17±15.79 nV/deg 2. The amplitude density of P 1 wave at ring 1 ( t=5.11, 9.03, 4.27; P=0.03, 0.00, 0.00) and ring 2 ( t=5.11, 9.03, 4.27; P=0.03, 0.00, 0.00) before and after treatment showed statistical significance. Conclusion:Targeted navigation laser continuous wave threshold power treatment for CCSC can increase the BCVA, macular retinal amplitude density and macular foveal MS, and reduce CMT and SFCT.

Application of "process management and evaluation" in resident standardization training plan in acupuncture-moxibustion department of hospital for postgraduates of non-acupuncture- moxibustion speciality / 中国针灸

The teaching effect of "process management and evaluation" was assessed in resident standardization training plan in acupuncture-moxibustion department of hospital for postgraduates of non-acupuncture-moxibustion speciality. A total of 120 postgraduates of non-acupuncture-moxibustion speciality participating in resident standardization training were randomized into an observation group (60 cases) and a control group (60 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the control group, the conventional training mode was used. In the observation group, the "process management and evaluation" was adopted, in which, the syllabus was refined, various teaching modes were cooperated and the summary was conducted once a week. The training results were evaluated at the end of 1-month shift test and questionnaire was issued in all of the postgraduates of the two groups. In the observation group, the score for theory and the score of each of the items for technical ability, named differentiation and treatment, technical manipulation and physician-patient communication, as well as the total score were all higher than the control group successively (

Application value of chromosome microarray analysis for prenatal diagnosis of fetus with ultrasonic abnormalities / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the application value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for prenatal diagnosis of fetus with ultrasound abnormalities.@*METHODS@#For 293 fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities (including 168 with structural abnormalities and 125 with non-structured abnormalities) but no common chromosomal abnormalities, CMA assay was performed.@*RESULTS@#Sixteen pathogenic copy number variants (pCNVs) were detected by CMA with a detection rate of 5.46%. The detection rates were 5.95% (10/168) for those with structural abnormalities and 4.80% (6/125) for those with non-structural abnormalities.@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with conventional karyotyping analysis, CMA can improve the detection of fetal chromosomal abnormality and provide an effective means for prenatal diagnosis.

Qualitative screening of 169 veterinary drug residues in bearbile powder by QuEChERS-ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry / 药学学报

A QuEChERS-ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for qualitative screening of 169 veterinary drug residues in bear bile powder, including β-agonists and inhibitors, antibiotics (penicillins, β-lactams, sulfomamides, quinolones, chloramphenicals, tetracyclines, nitroimidazoles, macrolides, polyethers, etc.), antiviral drugs, anthelminitics, steroid hormones, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and sedatives. The samples were extracted by Na2EDTA-McIlvaine buffer solution and 5% fomic acid-acetonitrile solution, then purified by dispersive solid phase extraction. Detection of veterinary drug residues by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was conducted and qualitative confirmed by ion ratios. The limits of detection of 169 veterinary drugs were 1-1 000 μg·kg-1. The method is simple and fast, which had been used for the analysis of actual samples, and can be extended to the detection of similar matrix.

Influence of Age-related Functional Hearing Loss on Memory / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To study the influence of age-related functional hearing loss on memory ability. Methods:From January to October, 2018, 30 patients aged 52 to 76 years visiting otolaryngology were screened hearing using a computer aided platform, and then were divided into two groups according to the results. Those with good speech recognition in noise (SIN < -2.63 dB) were in L group (n = 15) and those with poor speech recognition in noise (SIN > -2.63 db) were in H group (n = 15). They were assessed with Paired Associates Learning (PAL) and Spatial Working Memory (SWM) of Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery in loading of four, six and eight models. Results:The amount of errors of both PAL and SWM increased with the loading in both groups (χ2 > 28.182, P < 0.001). The amount of errors of PAL was less in L group than in H group under any loading (U < 53.5, P < 0.05), while the amount of errors of SWM only less under loading of six models (U = 55.0, P < 0.05). There was no significant interaction between hearing and loading (F < 1.680, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Age-related functional hearing loss tend to impair episodic memory rather than working memory, whatever the impacts of memory load.

Effect of Oral Reading Training on Post-stroke Alexia / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of oral reading training on acquired alexia after stroke. Methods:From September, 2018 to August, 2019, 41 stroke patients with alexia were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and experimental group (n = 21). Both groups accepted Schuell stimulation approach, while the experimental group accepted oral reading training in addition, for four weeks. They were assessed with Western Aphasia Battery (WAB) before and after treatment. Results:Aphasia quotient (AQ) increased in both groups after treatment, as well as reading score and oral reading accuracy. The Cohen's d coefficients of all the indexes were more in the experimental group (0.45, 0.68, 0.85) than in the control group (0.29, 0.39, 0.51). There was not significant correlation between the subjective scores of the therapists and the indexes improvement (P > 0.05). Conclusions:Oral reading training may improve the reading ability in stroke patients with alexia. There is no clear correlation between the subjective and objective scores for alexia.

Effect of Melodic Intonation Therapy on Nonfluent Aphasia after Stroke / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of melodic intonation therapy combined with speech training on nonfluent aphasia after stroke, and the changes of brain function. Methods:From March, 2017 to August, 2019, 40 patients with nonfluent aphasia after stroke were randomly divided into control group (n = 20) and intensive group (n = 20). Both groups accepted routine speech training, and the intensive group accepted melodic intonation therapy in addition. They were assessed with China Rehabilitation Research Center Chinese Standard Aphasia Examination before and four weeks after treatment. Three patients from each group were examined with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to observe the changes of regional homogeneity (ReHo) of cerebral hemisphere. Results:The scores of comprehension (noun, verb and sentence), repetition (noun and verb), read (noun) and naming (verb) increased in the control group (t > 2.221, P < 0.05), while it increased in comprehension (noun, verb and sentence), repetition (noun, verb and sentence), reading (noun and verb) and naming (noun and verb) in the intensive group (t > 2.179, P < 0.05). The scores of repetition (noun and verb) increased more in the intensive group than in the control group (t > 2.299, P < 0.05)， and the scores of reading (sentence) increased somehow. The ReHo in left cerebellum and temporal occipital area increased and the ReHo in bilateral frontal and temporal cortex decreased after treatment. Conclusion:Melodic intonation therapy based on speech therapy can promote the recovery of speech function for patients with nonfluent aphasia after stroke, especially in sentence reading and words repetition. The changes of the ReHo in resting state may associate with the neurological repairment after brain injury.

Research Progress of Single Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Extract in Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is mostly caused by severe trauma,which often leads to motor,sensory,reflex and sphincter dysfunction from the injury plane.It is the main cause of paraplegia.With the development of transportation and industry in modern society,the incidence of SCI is increasing year by year,but there is still a lack of ideal treatment drugs.Therefore,finding effective,safe and reliable drug treatment for spinal cord injury is one of the hotspots in basic and clinical research.Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）has the characteristics of cheapness and less side effects,and it has a long history to be used in clinical treatment of spinal cord injury. Recent studies have shown that some single TCM and their extracts can effectively alleviate or improve secondary spinal cord injury, such as local vascular dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, axonal demyelination, glial scar formation, and confirm the scientific nature of their treatment of spinal cord injury.This paper summarized the mechanism of single TCM and its extracts in promoting the repair of spinal cord injury,including improving spinal cord edema,ischemia and hypoxia by regulating the expression of aquaporin-4（AQP-4）,hypoxia-inducing factor（HIF）-1α,and vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）,inhibiting inflammation by regulating tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α,interleukin（IL）-1β,inhibiting anti-oxygen free radical damage and lipid peroxidation.Chemicals,inhibit neuronal apoptosis,promote nerve cell repair and regeneration,inhibit the formation of glial scars and other aspects to alleviate pathological damage of spinal cord and promote the recovery of nerve function. It shows that traditional Chinese medicine has unique advantages such as multi-target,multi-channel and multi- level.It has broad research prospects for treating SCI and improving prognosis.

Discovery and identification of a tadalafil analogue / 药学学报

A tadalafil analogue was detected during routine screenings from two "fatigue reliever, immunity enhancer" dietary supplements by using UHPLC/Q-TOF HRMS. The MS2 spectrum of this compound was almost identical to that of 2-hydroxypropylnortadalafil. However, the retention time of this analogue was different from that of the 2-hydroxypropylnortadalafil isomers. The analogue was purified by using preparative HPLC and the structure was elucidated by mass spectrometric and NMR spectroscopic experiments. The spectral data suggested that the analogue bore a 3-hydroxypropyl group instead of the N-methyl group in tadalafil. The structure was further confirmed by comparison of the 1H NMR spectra data with those of the reference standard, and thus named as 3-hydroxypropylnortadalafil. The structure is first reported in China.

Application value of chromosome microarray analysis for prenatal diagnosis of fetus with ultrasonic abnormalities / 中华医学遗传学杂志

Objective@#To assess the application value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for prenatal diagnosis of fetus with ultrasound abnormalities.@*Methods@#For 293 fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities (including 168 with structural abnormalities and 125 with non-structured abnormalities) but no common chromosomal abnormalities, CMA assay was performed.@*Results@#Sixteen pathogenic copy number variants (pCNVs) were detected by CMA with a detection rate of 5.46%. The detection rates were 5.95% (10/168) for those with structural abnormalities and 4.80% (6/125) for those with non-structural abnormalities.@*Conclusion@#Compared with conventional karyotyping analysis, CMA can improve the detection of fetal chromosomal abnormality and provide an effective means for prenatal diagnosis.

Study on proteins in Guangdilong by nano LC/orbitrap fusion lumos HR-MS / 中国中药杂志

In the present study,fresh Guangdilong( GD),originating from Pheretima aspergillum,was taken as the object. The total proteins from GD were firstly separated by SDS-PAGE according to their molecular weights and in-gel digestion was then performed.After that,the peptides were analyzed by nano LC/orbitrap fusion lumos high resolution mass spectrometry( nano LC/orbitrap fusion lumos HR-MS). Protein identification was implemented by comparison with Annelida. fasta database using Proteome Discoverer software.As a result,386 proteins were tentatively identified,including chain F,globin B chain,glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,fibrinolytic protein,and so on. Most of the proteins took part in cell structure and energy metabolism,and fibrinolytic protein and lombricine kinase might be related to fibrinolytic activity. Protein classification based on gene ontology was carried out using PANTHER and KEGG for metabolic pathway enrichment. The results indicated that these proteins were related to diverse signal transduction pathways,including metabolic pathways,central carbon metabolism,biosynthesis of amino acids,ribosome,glycolysis,citrate cycle( TCA cycle),and so on. This study would lay the foundation for the further research on the proteins in GD and also their functions.

Application of intraretinal limiting membrane transplantation in large aperture macular hole surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To investigate the effect of internal limiting membrane(ILM)transplantation in the treatment of large macular hole.<p>METHODS: Totally 35 patients with large macular hole(>700μm)underwent vitrectomy in our hospital from March 2016 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, in which group A(17 patients)underwent vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling generally, group B(18 patients)underwent vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane transplantation. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and macular hole closure rate were performed preoperative and 3mo postoperative. <p>RESULTS: The macular hole closure rate in group A was 65% at 3mo safter surgery, and macular hole closure rate in group B was 100% at 3mo after surgery(<i>P</i><0.05). The rate of BCVA of A group which were significantly improved at 3mo postoperative(increase by 2 lines or more)compared preoperative is 35%, and the rate of BCVA of B group is 78%(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Internal limiting membrane transplantation can improve the closure rate of large macular hole and visual function after surgery in a certain extent. It is a safe and effective surgical method.

Relationship among Speech Perception in Noise, Age-related Hearing Loss and Cognition in Putonghua / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the relationship between age-related hearing loss, cognitive level and speech perception in noise in Putonghua. Methods:From January to October 2018, 31 outpatients who visited the department of otolaryngology (aged 52-75) were divided into hearing normal (HN) group and hearing loss (HL) group according to the results of the average threshold measured with pure-tone audiometry. They were assessed with the computer-aided Chinese Speech Test Platform and the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery, which respectively evaluated the speech perception ability in noise, and the episodic memory, working memory and executive ability under non-verbal stimulation. Results:There were significant differences in speech perception ability, episodic memory and executive ability between the two groups (U < 68, P < 0.05). The hearing level correlated to the speech perception in noise, whatever the speech and noise were separated, as well as the episodic memory, working memory and executive ability (r > 0.360, P < 0.05). The more difficult the speech perception task was, the more significant the correlation between signal-noise ratio and cognitive ability was. Conclusion:Under the condition of Putonghua, age-related hearing loss is one of the main reasons for the decline of speech perception in noise in the old adults. Hearing loss leads to the decline of episodic memory and executive ability, which in turn affects speech perception in noise. The more difficulty it is to recognize speech in noise, the greater the dependence on cognitive level.

Current status of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women and its correlation with pregnancy outcomes in Huzhou / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To understand the current situation of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) infection in local pregnant women and its impact on pregnancy outcomes, so as to provide reference for strengthening health care during pregnancy and promoting the policy of "fewer and better children"@*Methods@#A total of 2 000 pregnant women underwent prenatal examination who had delivery in the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Huzhou from July 2017 to December 2018. HCMV IgM, IgG and IgG- avidity index (AI) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and HCMV DNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -fluorescent probe. We also analyzed the positive status of HCMV and its relationship with pregnancy outcome.@*Results@#Among the 2 000 pregnant women, 1 941 cases (97.05%) were positive for HCMV IgG, 26 cases (1.30%) had active infection with HCMV, of whom 5 cases (0.25%) were serum HCMV IgM/IgG dual positive, 24 cases (1.20%) were urine HCMV DNA positive. HCMV IgG AI test result showed that 3 cases of AI ≤30%, which means that they had primary infections. The detection rates of HCMV DNA positive and HCMV IgM/IgG dual positive were 12.12%, 4.54% in 66 pregnant women with adverse pregnancy and 0.83%, 0.10% in 1 934 pregnant women with normal pregnancy. The difference was significant (χ2=68.663, 50.499, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that HCMV IgM/IgG dual positive (OR=12.743, 95%CI: 1.202-135.100, P=0.035), HCMV-DNA positive (OR=10.426, 95%CI: 3.635-29.909, P<0.01) were independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. In addition, low education level, living in rural areas and having a history of adverse pregnancy also increased the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.@*Conclusions@#HCMV infection is prevalent in pregnant women in this area, but only a few of them had active infection. HCMV active infection is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes.